Digital SLR cameras offer either a full or stripped down version of Through The Lens (TTL) preview. That means that, as you take a shot with a digital SLR, you are going to look through the lens .Point and shoot cameras use a "viewfinder," which can only show the subject and not how the shot is going to come out. To do otherwise would require using the LCD preview, and often the LCD preview won't give a true preview of the shot.
2. One of the biggest differences is the interchangeable lens. On a DSLR camera, you can pop the lens out and put a new one on. DSLR lenses are specialized towards specific applications (macro for closeups, telephoto for long-distance, etc. etc).
3. Another big difference is zoom. A digital point-and-shoot camera has a very limited focal length. For normal, wide-angle shots, that's not a big deal, but the DSLR camera telephoto lens can have a much longer focal length. That allows you to photograph subjects at great distances.
4. In low-light situations, not only the ISO "film rating" can be adjusted, but also the shutter time. Many DSLR cameras even have a "bulb" setting, which means that as long as you depress the shutter release button, the shutter will remain open. This allows you to expose the sensor for an indefinite amount of time.
That accomplishes two things. One, it allows you to photograph subjects in minimal light without changing the ISO setting or using a flash.
Second, it also means that you can blur objects in motion. Since the sensor is exposed for potentially longer times, that can cause the object to "streak." That means you can show motion in one single shot, rather than in a sequence of shots.
5. DSLR cameras usually have a built-in flash, but they have a "hot shoe" for attached flashes. Certain lighting and subject situations often can be better taken by bouncing the flash off an object over the subject and camera, such as a ceiling. This reduces shadows.
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